This paper examines whether exit favours maximal or minimal differentiation within an infinite horizon supergame with discounting played by three firms. With more than two firms, the problem of which firm exits the market is similar to a coalition formation one. Solving this coalition formation...

This paper shows that buying power at the retail level can lead to a rise in wholesale price. As a result, retailers without buying power may increase their retail price. Nevertheless, total surplus is non-decreasing in the degree of buying power possessed by the 'dominant' retailer