This article explores general concerns about government banking, social inclusion, and democracy through case study of the Brazilian federal government savings bank (Caixa Economica Federal). Review of government savings banks in Brazilian history suggests that these institutions have been at...

Since financial liberalization in the 1980s, non-profit maximizing, stakeholder oriented banks have outperformed private banks in Europe. This article draws on empirical research, banking theory and theories of the firm to explain this apparent anomaly for neo-liberal policy and contemporary...

Since the 2007-08 crisis, banks in many countries have been facing what seems to be a serious “trust crisis”. This sharp decline in trust in banks and banking, the likely outcome of the near-collapse of banking systems during the crisis, is partly captured by a growing empirical literature....

The Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) is the informal dialogue, and cooperative process linking the 15 European Union member states with 10 Asian nations, and who financed the project that brought together the experience of social policy experts, in an effort to highlight imperative thinking on new...

There is tremendous interest, in the economic literature, for the determinants of firms' capital structure decisions. A rich body of empirical works now exists that purports to identify firm- and country-level factors affecting firms' financing patterns. In addition, more recently, a new stream...

The use of stock options as executive compensation, after having developed in the United States in the 1980s and 1990s, has spread to continental Europe in the past fifteen years. The increasing weight of stock options in this region of the world raises various issues and feeds a vast literature...

There is tremendous interest, in the economic literature, for the determinants of firms’ capital structure decisions. A rich body of empirical works now exists that purports to identify firm- and country-level factors affecting firms’ financing patterns. In addition, more recently, a new...

There is mounting evidence of a widespread popular backlash against globalization in advanced economies, which can hurt multinational companies' (MNCs) interests. In this paper we argue that MNCs are both ‘culprits' and ‘victims' of backlash against globalization. Building on the comparative...