analysis to all politicians (almost 160.000) belonging to a political body in Italy. Overall, our dataset contains 1.858 board … members referring to 127 cooperative banks.Results show that politically connected banks, in which politicians have executive … statutes of the Italian cooperative banks, we argue that the problem is not for politicians to be in the boards but for them to …

the prevalence of former politicians as non-executive directors in ASX-listed companies and the market reaction to their … appointment. In our sample of 1,561 companies in 2007, we find that former federal, state, local and foreign politicians hold … former politicians is significantly lower than non-politicians. This indicates that shareholders do not value the expertise …

evidence gathered so far is however inconclusive, given that potential reverse causality may bias results. In Italy, the Law …

European comparisons for the 2000s show that Italy was among the EU countries where women were least represented in …

companies controlled by public entities in Italy. For this purpose, we exploit a reform-induced exogenous change in board … politicians has decreased. The new directors have mostly replaced older and less talented men, thereby rejuvenating the boards and …