. In 2002, Germany transferred patent rights from faculty members to their universities. To identify the effect on the …

the quality of inventions, prior to licensing the invention. The paper also introduces a new quality measure for the … inventions which is based on the number of secrecy agreements previously executed on the invention. I use two theoretical …

-expression dichotomy in copyright law, to the exclusion of abstract ideas in patent law, and to the protection of ideas as trade secrets … (non)protectability of ideas in a clearer or more direct way (mostly in patent law) …

While policymakers often assume venture capital has a profound impact on innovation, that premise has not been … address concerns that these results are an artifact of our use of patent counts by demonstrating similar patterns when other … measures of innovation are used in a sample of 530 venture-backed and non-venture-backed firms …