the text, purpose, and structure of the National Bank Act and other core federal banking statutes. Conferring banking … and close destructive loopholes in banking law by: ¶ ending the ILC exemption to the Bank Holding Company; and ¶ removing …

this natural experiment to evaluate the consequences of bail out expectations for bank behavior using a difference in …

of a financial crisis: 1) Regulation creates two categories of financial institutions. The first class faces greater … subsidized funds to make riskier investments (including investments in the second class) without regulation compensating for …, which led to a 1990 bank crisis. The model also provides a framework for scholars to examine whether deregulation in the …

institutional roof - banks or non-bank (shadow) banks - under which they are conducted. Our results reveal a declining role of banks … (and a commensurate increase in non-bank banking). These structural shifts (between institutions) are coincident with …

empirical support. We conclude that bank equity is not socially expensive, and that high leverage at the levels allowed, for … challenges are addressed, capital regulation can be a powerful tool for enhancing the role of banks in the economy. …

This paper examines capital adequacy regulation in Germany. After a short overview about financial regulation in … Germany in general, the paper focuses on the most important development in the area of capital adequacy regulation from the … models for financial regulation is problematic. Finally, some suggestions of how the problems could be addressed are given. …