Over 20 years ago, it was thought that the paperless office (or close to it) would be a reality by 2011. Ironically, since then print volume has actually increased, as people now print emails, web pages, etc. Additionally, paper used for packaging, tissue products and newsprint demonstrate how...

The policy analysis and management implications for achieving landfillequilibrium status within a sustainable timescale (decades rather thancenturies) are presented based on modelled results reported previously. Untilrelatively recently, timescale estimates suggested that equilibrium or...

The quality of risk assessment output is determined by the input data used inenvironmental distribution, dispersion and exposure models. Whilst recent focushas been on the development of regulatory exposure assessment models forlandfills, risk analysts are keenly aware of the need for improved...

Mutual funds generally do not invest in venture capital, private equity, or restricted shares of public companies. Consequently, individuals who desire to invest in such securities are unable to do so through diversified mutual funds. In this paper, we identify public policies and regulations...

Until October 1997, firms wishing to go public in Japan were required to use a hybrid auction process where up to half of the issue (the "auction tranche") was offered to investors via a discriminatory auction. Remaining shares (the "public offer tranche") were sold a few days later by a firm...

We study the role of banking relationships in IPO underwriting. Among other issues, we consider whether banking relationships lead to increased access to public equity markets, especially for smaller, lesserknown firms. When a firm in Japan goes public, it can engage an investment bank that is...

Many college and university 403(b) plans restrict the menu of investment choices to funds offered by TIAA-CREF, the current manager of over half of all 403(b) contributions. Further, in the face of Internal Revenue Code changes that will take effect in 2006 and will make 403(b) plan ERISA...

We study the role of banking relationships in IPO underwriting. Among other issues, we consider whether banking relationships lead to increased access to public equity markets, especially for smaller, lesserknown firms. When a firm in Japan goes public, it can engage an investment bank that is...

Health ministries around the world face a new challenge: to assess the risks and respond to the opportunities of the increasing openness in health services under the World Trade Organization's (WTO) General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS). This publication addresses this challenge head-on...