In this paper we give an overview of government regulations in the national drug markets of the European Community. We describe the admission of new medicines to the market, the organisation of the distribution system, the control of pharmaceutical prices, and the patient copayment schemes for...

Regulation has been and still is often discussed in economic theory and politics. Despite this, papers analyzing regulatory measures lack a definition of the term or employ widely differing concepts. In order to remedy this neglect, we give a short survey of various definitions of regulation....

In this paper we give an overview of government regulations in the national drug markets of the European Community. We describe the admission of new medicines to the market, the organisation of the distribution system, the control of pharmaceutical prices, and the patient copayment schemes for...

Regulation has been and still is often discussed in economic theory and politics. Despite this, papers analyzing regulatory measures lack a definition of the term or employ widely differing concepts. In order to remedy this neglect, we give a short survey of various definitions of regulation....

In this paper we give an overview of government regulations in the national drug markets of the European Community. We describe the admission of new medicines to the market, the organisation of the distribution system, the control of pharmaceutical prices, and the patient copayment schemes for...

Um den gesellschaftlichen Nutzen pharmazeutischer Innovationen abzuschätzen, bedarf es adäquater Beurteilungskriterien. Nach einem empirischen Abriß über die Entwicklung der Arzneimittelausgaben erörtern die Autoren die beurteilungsrelevanten gesamtwirtschaftlichen Ziele. Auf...

Um den gesellschaftlichen Nutzen pharmazeutischer Innovationen abzuschätzen, bedarf es adäquater Beurteilungskriterien. Nach einem empirischen Abriß über die Entwicklung der Arzneimittelausgaben erörtern die Autoren die beurteilungsrelevanten gesamtwirtschaftlichen Ziele. Auf...

In this paper we predict the pure demographic effect on medical expenditure of the German Statutory Health Insurance Scheme. To isolate this effect, we assume that the age-specific expenditure for medical treatment as observed in 1991 remains constant over the whole prediction period (1991 until...

This paper analyses the pure demographic effect on medical expenditure and the contribution rate of the German Statutory Health Insurance Scheme. To isolate this effect, we assume that the age-specific expenditure for medical treatment as estimated in 1995 remains constant over the whole...

Die vorliegende Arbeit verknüpft empirische und theoretische Erkenntniselemente über die Entwicklung der öffentlichen Personalausgaben mit Hilfe einer Kausalitätsanalyse. Die Studie setzt bei der Entwicklung der Personalausgaben und ihrer Komponenten an und stellt anschließend einige...