In Romania, the 2008 local elections were held based on a new electoral law. The main changes concerned the election of … chairpersons of county councils by uninominal voting, shifting of the general and presidential elections and the introduction of a … uninominal voting system for parliamentary elections, with a correction of the total number of seats according to the total …

We advance the literature on political budget cycles by testing separately for cycles in expenditures for elections in … eligibility rules. We find sizable and significant effects in expenditures before council elections and before joint elections …

We advance the literature on political budget cycles by testing separately for cycles in expenditures for elections in … eligibility rules. We find sizable and significant effects in expenditures before council elections and before joint elections …

local council towards direct mayor elections was introduced during a phase-in period from 1993 to 1998. The end of the term … state tier. This e ffect only materializes in the election year which suggests that mayors under the new electoral rule put … more e ffort into grant applications for highly visible infrastructure projects in order to increase their re-election …

The opportunistic political cycle's theories argued that the incumbent raises the visible expenses in the election time …-buying action. The paper tests the argument by using Indonesia local election and grants spending data from 2008 to 2013. Through … treating the endogeneity of incumbency, the analysis results suggest that when the incumbent is participating in the election …

expenditures and decrease(s) taxation before the elections for re-election prospect. This paper’s arguments are twofold. First …This paper inquires the following research question that “to what extent, do election years have explanatory power to …, classic electoral budget cycle disregards temporal order in elections that between two first-order elections (general …