As we know, there is a belief in the finance literature that Value at Risk (VaR) and Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) are new approaches to manage and control the risk. Regard to, value at risk is not a coherent risk measure and it is not sub-additive and convex, so, we have considered...

In this paper we present a new approach to evaluate the environmental efficiency of decision making units. We propose a model that describes a two-stage process consisting of a production and an end-of-pipe abatement stage with the environmental efficiency being determined by the efficiency of...