Pakistan. ARDL bound testing approach to cointegration is used to analyze the long run relationship of import demand, relative … expenditure components have positive and significant impact on import demand in Pakistan while the effect of relative prices is …This study is aimed at in-depth empirical analysis of impact of final expenditure components on import demand in …

Pakistan. ARDL bound testing approach to cointegration is used to analyze the long run relationship of import demand, relative … expenditure components have positive and significant impact on import demand in Pakistan while the effect of relative prices is …This study is aimed at in-depth empirical analysis of impact of final expenditure components on import demand in …

We develop a structural econometric model of import demand for Pakistan, with binding foreign exchange constraint. ARDL … from ARDL bound testing approach and Johansen’s method for cointegration show strong evidence of the existence of a long …-run stable relationship among the variables included in the import demand model. The price and income elasticity estimates have …

-run import elasticities with respect to the expenditure components. The study finds evidence of a long-run relationship between … aggregate imports, the expenditure components, domestic and import prices. The long-run import demand in Cote d'Ivoire is … imports with respect to the different components of final expenditure. Final consumption expenditure and investment …

shift in China's demand structure is likely to increase import demand for sectors such as the food industry, agriculture …

This paper analyses import penetration with a consumer demand approach that distinguishes domestically and foreign …-produced varieties. Consistent aggregation leads to a macro-level import demand equation that faithfully reflects the underlying micro …

important and remarkable trend, we estimate South Africa's import demand function with China over the period 1993 …During the past decade China has emerged as South Africa's largest trade partner. In an effort to understand this … long-run cointegration among the variables. Our long-run elasticity estimates suggest that income is the most important …