Liability Monitor over 1990 to 2017. A number of core findings are not easily explained by standard economic theory. First, we …

reinforcement of physician liability for off-label use may be the preferred instrument for achieving dynamic efficiency. The … liability threat reduces the demand for off-label use, giving manufacturers an appropriate incentive to invest in extended … approval. By contrast, patent prolongation does not affect physicians' prescription decisions and increases the likelihood of …

environment, the optimal liability regime is similar to the no-fault systems of Sweden and New Zealand where the doctor faces zero … liability. The reason is that the subsidy on preventive medicine is a better instrument to induce the optimal level of care than …