This paper reviews the common approaches adopted by regulators to the inclusion and valuation of investment in the regulatory asset base and the allocation of costs of investment between different users as well as between connection and usage charges. The former set of issues are key to the...

Governments have long recognized the vital role that modern infrastructure services play in economic growth and poverty alleviation. For much of the post-Second World War period, most governments entrusted delivery of these services to state-owned monopolies. But in many developing countries,...

India has seen rapid growth in recent years in its program of infrastructure public-private partnerships (PPPs). Despite the surge in demand for finance, local financial markets coped well over the period to 2007 and even offered better terms as they became more used to the PPP model. But areas...

India has had the most success attracting more private investment in infrastructure in 2006 than any other developing country. Long-standing policies in most other South Asian countries are beginning to bear fruit as well. Nevertheless, delivering the infrastructure services needed to sustain...

As governments turn to the private sector to provide services once delivered by the public sector, they must learn new skills. An increasingly common way to provide the new capacities needed is to establish public-private partnership units - as new agencies or as special cells within a...

In recent years the renegotiation and, even more, the cancellation of private infrastructure projects in developing countries have made the headlines in the world's financial press. For a variety of reasons the renegotiation of projects is not an unusual occurrence. But as this Note explains,...

In 1998 the government of Guatemala privatized the two companies responsible for distributing electricity in rural areas. The new owner, Union Fenosa, was obliged to implement an ambitious five-year rural electrification program. The goal: to increase the share of households with an electricity...