A longstanding debate on health systems organization relates to benefits of integrating health programs that emphasize specific interventions into mainstream health systems to increase access and improve health outcomes This paper is organized in five chapters. This introduction is followed by...

A longstanding debate on health system organization relates to the benefits of integrating programs that emphasize specific interventions into mainstream health systems to increase access and improve health outcomes. This debate has long been characterized by polarization of views and...

The health workforce plays a key role in increasing access to health services for the poor in developing countries. Recent evidence has demonstrated an important link between staffing levels and both service delivery and health outcomes. Various global and country-level estimates have also shown...

Strategic purchasing of health services has been identified as one of the critical components for countries to progress towards achieving universal health coverage (UHC). Due to decentralized governance, there are multiple purchasers in Nigeria, which has led to fragmentation, lack of...

The health workforce plays a key role in increasing access to health services for the poor in developing countries. Recent evidence has demonstrated an important link between staffing levels and both service delivery and health outcomes. Various global and country-level estimates have also shown...

Since the early 1990s, the importance of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) to global health has gained increased recognition. This report contains an agenda for action in response to the growing economic, social, and health problems posed by NCDs. Its objective is to enable the World Bank...

In June 2002, the countries of Southeastern Europe (SEE) recommitted themselves to scale up action on the prevention and treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Given the rapid increase in the rate of HIV infection in Eastern Europe in...

Tuberculosis is the most important infectious cause of adult deaths after HIV/AIDS in low- and middle-income countries. This paper evaluates the economic benefits of extending the World Health Organization's DOTS Strategy (a multi-component approach that includes directly observed treatment,...

The new financing landscape for the Sustainable Development Goals has a larger emphasis on domestic resource mobilization. But, given the significant role of donor assistance for health, the fungibility of government health spending, and the downward revision of global growth, this article looks...

The past five decades have seen numerous health policies and development plans in Nigeria, culminating in the National Health Act of 2014.8 The Act provides for a range of responsibilities, instruments, and institutions, covering but not limited to: responsibility for health, eligibility for...