In this paper, the time-frequency dependency of political risk as well as economic and financial risks is explored in … investigation of both the long and short-term causal relationships between political risk and economic and financial risks in … Venezuela. The findings of this study indicate that: (i) significant vulnerabilities in political risk, economic risk, and …

business activities. Moreover, many hidden political factors change the political risk into immeasurable political uncertainty. …One of the significant problems of a modern economy and economics is political risk. A destructive influence of …

types of political risk, like expropriation, corruption and confiscatory taxation, and In our theoretical analysis we find …This paper investigates how multinational firms choose their capital structure in response to political risk. We focus … that as political risk increases the ownership share always decreases whereas leverage can both increase or decrease …

role played by corruption and provincial institutions in determining a company’s capital structure in Vietnam’s legal … environment. Contrasting to the majority of previous studies, the results show that corruption has an insignificant influence on a … company’s bank loans, consistent with institutional theory. However, the role of corruption is different for types of various …

Ethiopia, which have allowed for widespread corruption, are now harming the growth of SMEs. According to the findings …, political instability, corruption, and COVID-19 are now having a substantial effect on the growth of SMEs in Ethiopia. These …Small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) played a significant role in domestic employment and inclusive GDP in …

We use a classic Merton credit risk framework to argue that Islamic Banking Institutions (IBIs) face less incentive to … take on risks than Conventional Banking Institutions (CBI). IBIs have less incentive for risk shifting both in and outside … analysis suggests that the loss absorption capacity of Islamic banks leads to less risk taking and a more stable banking system …