government transfers on economic well-being varied by household type during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings indicate that …’s start and sustaining spending growth over time. Household essential spending increased proportionally with the delivery of … cash transfers, while discretionary spending was influenced more by pandemic-specific factors beyond household income. Our …

. Randomization in the payment dates and daily scanner data allow us to identify the effects of these transfers on household spending …

from zero effects on household consumption. We use propensity score matching to examine how recipients made use of the …