We test whether rural versus urban location, and the amount of social capital present in those locations, influence the performance of Small Business Administration (SBA) 7(a) loans originated between 1984 and 2012. On average, we find that rural loans are about 11% less likely to default than...

We test whether rural versus urban location, and the amount of social capital present in those locations, influence the performance of Small Business Administration (SBA) 7(a) loans originated between 1984 and 2012. On average, we find that rural loans are about 11% less likely to default than...

Complex mortgages exhibit deferred amortization and enable households to postpone loan repayment in contrast to fully amortizing traditional mortgages. Unlike the low income population targeted by subprime mortgages, complex mortgages are used by households with high income levels and prime...

Tokyo and Seoul, the two leading East Asian global cities, operate under "developmental states." They often struggle for control over major urban initiatives against their strong state government agencies as they seek prominence in the global city hierarchy. Through comparative review of...

In Romania, the issue of economic inequalities and regional convergence is one of the current important topics on which the attention of economic specialists and the decision-making factors is focused. In the current context, the regional policy in Romania is implemented at regional level, the...

We study the role of Dutch colonial institutions on urban development for the megacity of Jakarta, Indonesia. Using historical maps of Dutch settlements and a rich granular database, we implement a boundary discontinuity design comparing locations within 200 meters of Dutch boundaries. We find...

Various social policies and strategies have been deliberated and used within many countries to handle the COVID-19 pandemic. Some of those basic ideas are strongly related to the understanding of human social interactions and the nature of disease transmission and spread. In this paper, we...

Urban green infrastructure, such as parks and reforestation programs, is critical for building municipal resilience to environmental, social, and economic concerns. The Metro Forest Project in Bangkok shows this by converting an abandoned site into a thriving biological forest utilizing the...

This study investigates the socioeconomic implications of farm-to-market road infrastructure on rural development in Zamboanga Sibugay Province, Philippines. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions, the research explores how...

This study explores the integration of Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) and Genetic Programming (GP) to address key challenges in the development of smart cities as cyber-physical systems (CPS). The primary objective is to enhance decision-making processes, optimize resource allocation, and...