Eco-labels, certifications, and seals of approval serve a variety of functions, including communicating to businesses and consumers the environmental attributes of a particular product or the dangers that product may pose. Eco-labels have the potential to improve environmental outcomes in a...

Voluntary standards, certification and labeling mechanisms are one of many forms of private governance institutions that have been developed in recent years to permit communities to govern without government. These institutions enhance efficiency by internalizing externalized social costs and...

This publication analyzes the use of voluntary standards and certification schemes in the food markets of the United States and Canada. With its large population and its high individual purchasing power, North America provides considerable opportunities for exports of valueamp;#8209;added...

The interface between trade and Internet governance is one of the most complex policy challenges in the current-day digital economy. This working paper highlights the following observations and findings on the delicate and complex relationship between international trade and the Internet: Recent...

The paper presents the main aspects related to the modernisation process of the European Union customs legislation and identifies a series of benefits that arise from implementing the measures of the Modernised Community customs code. In this context, foreign trade companies must adapt their...

Given the urgent need to dramatically reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and concern regarding insufficient climate action and ambition across the globe, NGOs and individuals are increasingly turning to the courts to force States, public authorities, and private entities to increase their climate...

Almost a billion people do not have access to clean and safe water. Access to safe drinking water and sanitation is increasingly being considered a fundamental human right. Corporations play an important role in the realization of the right to water. For example, they can become violators of the...

This article assesses the operation of the Financial Collateral Arrangements (No.2) Regulations 2003 (FCAR), as amended by the Financial Markets and Insolvency (Settlement Finality and Financial Collateral Arrangements) (Amendment) Regulations 2010. It will be seen that the FCAR has achieved...

The 2008 Financial Crisis has affected nearly every aspect of every economy in the world in some way or another. In a short span of time, its causes and consequences have been analyzed in great detail. However, while plenty has been written about its impact on domestic systems, its impact on...

This article seeks to demonstrate that when granting relief under the Cross-Border Insolvency Regulations 2006, the English court may apply foreign law consistent with the US Chapter 15 jurisprudence. Three practical areas where the application of foreign law is often important are bankruptcy...