During the 1980s and 1990s, the financial sector was the Achilles heel of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Since then, LAC's financial systems have continued to gain in soundness, depth and diversity, becoming more integrated and competitive, with new actors, markets, and instruments...

The paper documents the major trends in financial development in Latin America and the Caribbean since the early 1990s. The paper compares trends in Latin America and the Caribbean with those in Asia, Eastern Europe, and advanced countries and compares countries within Latin America and the...

Does democracy induce financial development? There are good theoretical reasons to believe this to be the case. However, the evidence adduced to support this claim has, to this point, been mixed. In this paper, we try to make sense of this fact by unpacking democracy. We posit that only...

This paper argues that the dominant policy paradigm on financial development is increasingly insufficient to address big emerging issues that are particularly relevant for financial systems in Latin America. This paradigm was shaped over the past decades by a fundamental shift in thinking toward...

The paper documents the major trends in financial development in Latin America and the Caribbean since the early 1990s. The paper compares trends in Latin America and the Caribbean with those in Asia, Eastern Europe, and advanced countries and compares countries within Latin America and the...

This work estimates financial development to energy poverty correlation in Latin America through the entropy method, the Principal Component Analysis, and an econometric analysis from 1990 to 2018. The PCA analysis reveals financial development and foreign direct investment as the key variables...

This paper examines the mainstream theories of "financial sustainability" and "financial development". It is suggested understanding "financial development" as the complex dynamic characteristics of the financial sector, which is formed under the influence of financial and economic policy...

The basic worldwide financial safety net architecture provides for a system of similar institutions: a lender of last resort, deposit insurance, and prudential regulation. In countries whose banking systems suffer seriously from negative capital positions and overbanking, such as in some Latin...

This paper analyzes the consequences of alternative financial structures for financial efficiency and stability. The focus is on the organizational structure of banks. Alternative bank structures range from "narrow banks" to broad "universal banks". Each banking structure is assessed in its...