metal price series is investigated, as well as time-varying volatility. The results demonstrate that allowing for jumps and … time-varying volatility provides statistically important improvements in the modelling or prices, relative to GBM. These … complex processes contributed to the fatness of the tails in the distribution of heavy metal price returns. …

We explore optimal hedge ratios and hedging effectiveness for the German electricity market. Given the increasing … in order to account for risk reduction through hedging. Results allow us to conclude that: dynamic hedging strategies … provide higher variance reductions in terms of hedging effectiveness; there is poor correlation among spot and futures, not …

persistence of volatility and the leverage effect across metal markets taking into account the presence of outliers, and second we …This study investigates the price volatility of metals, using the GARCH and GJR models. First we examine the … estimate the effects of oil price shocks on the price volatility of metals, allowing for the asymmetric responses. We use daily …

futures price volatility of existing gold futures with two contract sizes, 50 baht-weight and 10 baht-weight, using symmetric … modelling gold futures price volatility. The results confirm that the coming into market of Gold-D significantly reduces the … price volatility of existing gold futures. There is not a significant negative relationship between the introduction of Gold …

The main purpose of this comprehensive study is to determine the optimal hedge ratios and hedging effectiveness of … capture changes in the hedging effectiveness of the contracts. We find that the diagonal VECH and constant models produce … almost identical positive results for both periods, suggesting similar high hedging effectiveness for BIST 30 equity futures …

This paper evaluates how different types of speculation affect the volatility of commodities' futures prices. We adopt …-2010 analyzed at weekly frequency. Using GARCH models we find that speculation significantly affects volatility of returns: short … term speculation has a positive and significant impact on volatility, while long term speculation generally has a negative …