Distribution cartels in the automotive sector used to be frequently dismantled and sanctioned by the European Commission and the EU Courts still some 15 years ago. In recent years, however, only a few cases have been reported at the national level of EU Member States. Is it because the...

In paragraph 3 of its Article 3, the Treaty on European Union (TEU) requires the EU to go after the goal of a highly competitive social market economy for the first time. It is noticeable in the aforementioned Treaty clause that although it deals with the EU internal market, its authors burdened...

Distribution cartels in the automotive sector used to be frequently dismantled and sanctioned by the European Commission and the EU Courts still some 15 years ago. In recent years, however, only a few cases have been reported at the national level of EU Member States. Is it because the...

Ten years after the well-known Viking and Laval judgments, there is still no end to the debate about the appropriateness of the EU Court of Justice (CJ) approach to cases of conflict between the fundamental freedoms of the EU internal market and the fundamental, especially social, rights...

From the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty the EU has among its constitutional objectives the goal of achieving a highly competitive social market economy. At the same time, however, the EU has not been given any specific powers to actively develop its social policy. After six years of legal...

The European Union is intensively discussing changes in its merger control to adapt the existing regime, laid down by Regulation No 139/2004 (EUMR), to new realities. These are, besides the challenge posed by the development of the digital economy, issues connected with the global success of...

The EU Court of Justice (CJEU) approach to solving cases of clashes of collective bargaining with the freedoms of the internal market is noticeably different from how the same Court resolves clashes of collective bargaining with the rules of economic competition. This difference has been the...

The more than sixty-year long history of the competition policy and law of the European integration naturally invites a step by step interpretation working with some meaningful time segments that would highlight changing trends and determining priorities of different phases of its development....

From the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty the EU has among its constitutional objectives the goal of achieving a highly competitive social market economy. It is for the first time in the history of integration, that the concept of social market economy found its way into the Treaty...