There is an ongoing debate about the impact of environmental performance on a firm's cost of capital, but most academic studies are hindered by methodological challenges. The real estate sector, which is at the nexus of many environmental and energy issues, offers a laboratory to address the...

Strong rental protection in many jurisdictions prevents affordable housing institutions from recouping their investment in the improved energy efficiency of dwellings. This impedes the path towards increased environmental performance in affordable housing. In the Netherlands, affordable housing...

Comparing banks to non-bank lenders, we investigate whether the geographical distance between lenders, borrowers and their properties is reflected in the pricing of US mortgages that were included in US CMBS pools during the 2000 to 2017 period. The difference in loan spread when bank-borrower...

While the empirical evidence on the pricing of flood risk exposure in residential real estate held by uninformed households is mixed, this study shows that sophisticated investors in commercial real estate markets rationally respond to heightened flood risk by bidding down the prices of exposed...

This paper is one of the first empirical studies to investigate the impact of property management on the market value of a building. The outsourcing institute estimates that the real estate service industry has a total value of more than 340 billion dolalr. Within this industry property...

This study investigates the capitalization of climate shocks in commercial real estate owned and operated by sophisticated investors. We focus on Hurricanes Harvey and Sandy to quantify the price impacts of climate shocks on commercial buildings in the U.S. We find clear evidence of a decline in...

Natural disasters such as hurricanes, floods, heatwaves and wildfires are projected to become more prevalent in the foreseeable future. Climate risk is therefore increasingly recognized as an important factor by policy makers, the investment community, and financial markets. Due to the...

In this paper, we study the impact of CEO and board gender diversity on the risk management decisions of 179 U.S. Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) during the 2001 to 2018 period. Using a bottom-up analysis on the properties in REIT portfolios, we find significant risk reduction associated...

While some evidence exists on the benefits of sustainable investment for publicly traded real estate firms, little is known as to how such benefits materialize within the firm, especially on an international scale. We decompose the effects of sustainable investment on the value and performance...

Constructing a novel database on the real estate holdings of public firms, we show that distressed firms sell their real estate assets at a discount relative to healthy firms. We find that distress discount in real estate assets is less pronounced for sellers with less liquidity-constrained...