Start-up entrepreneurs are often commercially inexperienced. In giving managerial advice, venture capitalists can importantly enhance the success of innovative but highly risky ventures. The supply of experienced venture capitalists is not easily increased, however. When the rate of business...

When early startups stage the financing of their capital investments, they are at risk of being severely diluted by venture capitalists later on. It is puzzling that early startups do so in a competitive financial market. This paper shows that staging is beneficial to an early startup with a...

This paper surveys empirical and theoretical studies of various control mechanisms embedded in venture capital contracts. These mechanisms mitigate incentive problems and opportunistic behavior arising in the uncertain environment of financing young hightechnology enterprises that predominantly...

Using a large dataset of 82,818 investments in start-up firms from December 1965 through August 2019, we document that the biggest group of investors are venture capital firms (about 79% of all observations). The majority of in-state investments are found clustered in California (with the San...

This study examines if and how does venture capital's experience, as measured by venture capital age, specialization and historical investment influence post-IPO performance and growth of firms. We find that venture capital experience has significant positive effects on long-run performance...

The aim of this study is to explore the previously unresearched outcomes of firms funded through equity crowdfunding, a novel type of entrepreneurial finance. We study the outcomes of a sample of 337 firms funded on equity crowdfunding platforms in Europe between 2009 and 2014. By incorporating...

One in three deals in the early-stage financing market involves an investor and founder from the same alma mater. We show that founders' connections to early-stage investors through shared education networks are more important than school academic quality or shared geography in facilitating...

We show that mutual funds report their junior stakes in startups at 43% higher valuation than model fair values that consider multi-tier capital structures of startups. The latest-issued and most senior security is worth 48% per share than junior securities held by mutual funds, implying that...

This paper surveys empirical and theoretical studies of various control mechanisms embedded in venture capital contracts. These mechanisms mitigate incentive problems and opportunistic behavior arising in the uncertain environment of financing young hightechnology enterprises that predominantly...