– publicly-traded stocks, closely-held stocks, and mutuals. We utilize a unique measure of earnings management, the loss reserve …

role of restatement announcements. Findings: The results reveal that managers prefer to adopt accrual earnings management … switch their earnings management strategies from accrual to real earnings management when firms have purchased D&O insurance …&O insurance, which constrains managers from manipulating earnings through accrual earnings management; they also highlight the …

This paper examines the asset write-off behavior of loss firms in response to tax rule changes. In particular, we … investigate two simultaneous changes in tax loss carryforward offsetting in opposite directions in Germany and France … of the firm value. We hypothesize and find that following changes in tax loss carryforward offsetting rules, loss firms …

We analyse to what extent the accrual anomaly is related to the choice of the accounting system as well as firm … first corroborate former results indicating that the accrual anomaly is also present in Germany. However, this anomaly seems … reduce the accrual anomaly, shareholder monitoring is not. Apart from offering evidence related to the cross …

The paper examines the existence of real earnings management (REM) and accrual earnings management (AEM) around …

accrual based earnings management. It provides the first empirical evidence that the relationship is impacted by UK Company … is reached, executive share ownership effectively mitigates accrual based earnings management. We find no evidence that …