This study analyses 1400 research projects of the top 20 R&D-spending pharmaceuticals to identify the determinants of successful research projects. We provide clear evidence that externally sourced projects and projects involving biotechnologies perform better than internal projects and chemical...

Our study puts special attention to the fact that R&D cooperations in the pharmaceutical industry are formed at different stages throughout the drug development process. We study if the timing to engage in R&D cooperations in the pharmaceutical industry has different impacts on the technology...

The Covid-19 pandemic tragically emphasized severe failures of health systems. In particular, the saturation of hospital infrastructures and the lack of medical devices is crucial for respiratory ventilators. The medical and pharmaceutical sectors had to find urgently new ways to innovate...

This paper empirically examines the influence of the determinants of R&D expenditure, such as firm's lagged profitability, R&D intensity, and cash flow on R&D expenditure of the pharmaceutical companies. All of them have an important roles in determining the steps of the corporate strategy to...

In the last ten years, the pharmaceutical industry has experienced steep, unprecedented price increases. Pharmaceutical companies engage in R&D cooperations to cope with rocketing research and development (R&D) expenses.We study the impact of R&D cooperations on firms' research activities and...

This paper uses data on transactions in the pharmaceutical industry to examine the demand-side of technology outsourcing. By integrating a transaction-cost economics perspective with the analysis of internal Ramp;D capabilities, we find that firms with relatively more cospecialized complementary...

The patent laws of many countries have ''research exemption'' provisions that exempt certain research-related uses of proprietary materials from patent infringement. By limiting the rights of existing patent holders, such rules are meant to facilitate follow-on innovation and benefit latecomer...

This paper examines the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on domestic innovation based on a data set covering the pharmaceutical industries across 29 provinces in the People's Republic of China (PRC) over the period 1998-2007. We show that there is a negative horizontal spillover effect...

Within the last decades, there have been many technological and regulatory changes in the pharmaceutical industry. Some of these developments facilitate the innovative activities of large firms, while others foster small firms. It is therefore surprising that the implications of these changes in...

Policy makers need reliable estimates of direct costs of pharmaceutical R&D, in order to contain health-care costs and at the same time maintain a supportive environment for investment in research. This paper evaluates the application of parametric estimating methods to the late stage clinical...