investment reduce international competitiveness of clubs, whereas restrictions on international migration policies have no …

Recent allegations from participants of the FIA Formula One World Championship (F1) suggest that the promoter of F1 … (possibly together with the sports association) violates European competition law in two ways. First, it allegedly abuses its …

The 50plus1-rule in German football is a controversially discussed institution that regulates investment behavior of … professional football teams. This paper discusses from a sports economics perspective the suspected market failures that the 50plus … in the German Major League Football ("Erste Bundesliga") from the seasons 1989/90 until 2018/2019. Applying various …

In this paper we consider trends in the distribution of player talent across association football clubs over time …

Practices and conducts in professional and even amateur sports can be subject to competition laws as soon as commercial … competition policy interventions. Setting and enforcing the rules of the game is an activity with commercial effects because it … reviews selected landmark cases in sports competition policy from an economic perspective. This includes the U.S. baseball …

competitiveness between European men's and women's football. …Competitiveness of sporting contests is key to attract fan interest. However, limited research compared levels of … competitiveness in men's and women's sports. This study focuses on the evolution of intra-match competitive balance (IMCB) and …