This paper examines how a surface water market affects the performance of a groundwater basin that is in open access …. The market only solves the groundwater over-extraction problem when pumping costs are high, while market failure arises … that pumping costs are low and sellers replace whatever amount they sell with groundwater. Therefore, surface water trade …

This study analyses a complex social-ecological system (SES), the case of competition for groundwater in Azraq, in the … environmental water users compete for shrinking groundwater resources. The core of the conflict lies between a heterogeneous group … of farmers, who use groundwater for irrigation agriculture supported by a strong political lobby, and the water …

substitutes or complements using an individual-level dataset of groundwater usage that accounts for 3% of US irrigated agriculture … reciprocity- and/or race-to-depletion-like dynamics are key to understanding groundwater usage. …