This paper is concerned with demand planning for internal supply chains consisting of workstations, production facilities, warehouses, and transportation links. We address the issue of how to help a supplier firmly accept orders and subsequently plan to fulfill demand. We first formulate a...

The response to COVID-19 as a public health emergency has raised questions about preparedness against future pandemics. The United States Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) with medically critical items such as ventilators and personal protection equipment for major public health emergencies...

Many studies focus on inventory systems to analyze different real-world situations. This paper considers a two-echelon supply chain that includes one warehouse and one retailer with stochastic demand and an up-to-level policy. The retailer’s lead time includes the transportation time from the...

We consider a two-stage serial supply chain with capacity limits, where each installation is operated by managers attempting to minimize their own costs. A multiple-period model is necessitated by the multiple stages, capacity limits, stochastic demand, and the explicit consideration of...

For serial multi-echelon systems subject to production capacity limits at every stage, we consider a class of modified echelon base stock (MEBS) policies. To evaluate information requirements of such systems, we consider two separate inventory management mechanisms operated in a decentralized...

Recently Waste Electrical and Electronic equipment (WEEE) has become urgent environmental issues around the world. Generally, the e-waste recycling reverse supply chain (RSC) is featured as higher uncertainties and complicated network structures, making the operation more difficult. To meet the...

Recently Waste Electrical and Electronic equipment (WEEE) has become urgent environmental issues around the world. Generally, the e-waste recycling reverse supply chain (RSC) is featured as higher uncertainties and complicated network structures, making the operation more difficult. To meet the...

Purpose: This paper compares the efficiency of two revenue-sharing contracts and discusses the members' preference for a three-echelon supply chain with the retailer's different risk attitude. Design/methodology/approach: This paper focuses on a three-echelon supply chain with a manufacturer, a...