This study, commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the LIBE Committee, examines reforms to the legal framework for the exchange of personal and other data between the EUand the USA that would be necessary...

The recent events in the Middle East and North Africa have demonstrated the potential of online social media as a tool of political activism, as well as the counter-measures this has provoked from repressive regimes. This potential, and State responses so far, raise significant human rights...

With around 2.3 billion users, the Internet has become part of the daily lives of a significant percentage of the global population, including for political debate and activism. While states are responsible for protecting human rights online under international law, companies responsible for...

The purpose of the study was to identify the challenges for the protection of personal data produced by current social and technical phenomena such as the Internet, globalisation, the increasing ubiquity of personal data and personal data collection, the increasing power and capacity of...

The purpose of the study was to identify the challenges for the protection of personal data produced by current social and technical phenomena such as the Internet, globalisation, the increasing ubiquity of personal data and personal data collection, the increasing power and capacity of...

This is a Country Report (one of 27, on each of the EU Member States), prepared as the basis for a comparative analysis of the "crucial role [of the EU data protection authorities] with respect to the fundamental right of data protection," and encompasses a critical assessment of the...

This paper was produced in the context of the study on "New Challenges to Data Protection." commissioned by the European Commission. It contains charts reflecting the findings of Working Paper No. 2: Data Protection Laws in the EU: The difficulties in meeting the challenges posed by global...

This report is one of 11 country reports produced for the "New Challenges to Data Protection" study, commissioned by the European Commission, and describes the ways in which German data protection law addresses the challenges posed by the new social-technical-political environment described in...

This the second of two working papers produced for the "New Challenges to Data Protection" study, commissioned by the European Commission.This paper discusses the difficulties that arise if one tries to apply the main EC Directive on data protection (Directive 95/46/EC) and the data protection...

This report is one of 11 country reports produced for the "new Challenges to Data Protection" study, commissioned by the European Commission, and describes the ways in which UK Data Protection Act addresses the challenges posed by the new social-technical-political environment described in...