I provide empirical evidence that Fed officials use their speeches to guide short-term interest rate expectations. Measures of misalignment between market and central bankers' expectations predict tone in speeches about monetary policy and that central bankers mention market expectations...

We quantify the importance of non-monetary news in central bank communication. Using evidence from four major central banks and a comprehensive classification of events, we decompose news conveyed by central banks into news about monetary policy, economic growth, and separately, shocks to risk...

Following the global financial crisis (GFC) of 2008 there was recognition that client trust in financial institutions had been damaged. While institutional trust has become an accepted barometer, less is known about who trusts the banking and finance sector and who does not. This paper...

Central banks have sometimes turned their attention to long-term interest rates as a target or as a diagnosis of policy. This paper describes two historical episodes when this happened - the US in 1942-51 and the UK in the 1960s - and uses a model of inflation dynamics to evaluate monetary...

It is well known that quantitative credit restrictions, rather than Bagehot-style ‘free lending' constituted the standard response to financial crises in the early days of central banking. But why did central banks in the past frequently restrict the supply of loans during financial crises? In...

This paper examines the evolution of the Bank of England under a framework of entangled political economy that originates in a process of bank bargains. The theory explains the process by which the political economy order becomes increasingly entangled in the banking system, leading to a...

A few months ago, we produced a timetable for the implementation of U.S. financial reform under the Dodd-Frank Act. One of the main observations was that the legislation did little to consolidate regulation outside of banking. In contrast, the analogous UK reform legislation, the Financial...

The Bank's Financial Policy Committee (FPC) and Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) are separate committees, each with their own primary objectives, but with a common secondary objective. In addition, the policy actions of one committee can affect economic and financial variables of interest — and...