system. We develop an econometric model at the patent level to quantify the impact of office fees and translation costs on … disregarded in previous studies. The results suggest that both translation costs and fees for validation and renewals have a …, a recent policy reform which reduces translation requirements in the European patent system. National validations of …

), which aims to reduce the translation requirements for patent validation procedures in 15 out of 34 national patent offices …. With an average translation cost saving of €3,600 per patent, the total savings for the business sector amount to about … percent. Despite the translation cost savings, the relative cost of a European patent validated in six (thirteen) countries is …