The paper examines the volatility predictive ability of the CBOE crude oil volatility index (OVX), GARCH and Stochastic Volatility Models in the crude oil market. Specifically, the dynamics of two major crude oil pricing benchmarks - Brent in Europe and WTI in America are compared. OVX index is...

We investigate linkages between three different markets: renewable energy (represented by a range of renewable energy ETFs); traditional energy (represented by crude oil ETF); and common stocks (represented by the S&P 500 Index ETF). We use daily data from 2008 to 2021. The econometric framework...

Pakistan is presently in the phase of industrialization and urbanization, which is characterized by rigid energy demand and supply. This plays an imperative role in the economy, but the carbon dioxide emissions (CO2Es) from fossil fuels increases. As per research objectives, the current study...

Financial structure is the primary director of economic activity in a capitalist society, it also has an important societal role in encouraging investments that are beneficial to the natural and human ecosystems. To accomplish this objective, this study addresses the unattended symmetric...

Due to economic development, fossil fuel consumption has steadily increased in all sectors of the Bangladeshi economy. Bangladesh’s government remains committed to the Paris Agreement, which calls for a 2 0 C reduction in carbon emissions. This study examines the impact of Bangladesh’s oil,...

Pakistan predominately relies on fossil fuel consumption (almost 84%) to meet its energy demand, which has led to a significant rise in CO2 emissions (CO2Es) and poses an enormous threat to industrial growth. To reduce CO2Es and develop the economy simultaneously, it is necessary to study how to...

This research investigates the nexus between natural gas consumption (NGC), economic growth (EG), urban population, unemployment, and services value-added in Bangladesh during 1990-2019. This study employs various quantitative methods, including autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL), ARDL bounds...

The development of renewable energy (RE) is an effective solution to address the global greenhouse effect and climate change. China's government has enacted a series of RE policies that play an important role in regulating and developing strategy. The development of national RE cannot be...

Over the past three decades, energy and economic growth have been joined by enormous environmental pollution and growing global concerns. It is necessary to check the factors' effects impacting CO2 emissions and decouple CO2 from economic growth for the biggest emitter China. This study uses the...

The U.S. shale revolution, using new technologies to extract crude oil, has led to new dynamics in the supply side of the global oil market. We ask whether the shale revolution has dampened the role of geopolitical risk in oil price volatility. We extend a reduced form Structural Break Threshold...