This report analyses existing competitive research funding mechanisms and their effectiveness, taking into account a variety of contextual factors. It focuses on the efficiency of funding allocation mechanisms relative to their objectives. The main elements of this project have been an extensive...

This report analyses the effects of zero rating, i.e. when a predetermined type of traffic received by consumers is not counted against the download allowance of the Internet access service. The report looks at the economics of zero rating and issues such as the effects of zero rating on...

This database contains the full outputs from the analysis, which is also updated every other year in line with the publication. It covers the travel demand, vehicle activities, energy consumption, as well as related CO2 emissions of all modes (existing and new emerging modes) for both freight...

In Table III data is shown by the effective tax rate of the MNE group and by tax jurisdiction. The effective tax rate of an MNE Group is computed by summing Income Tax Accrued – Current Year across all subgroups reported on a CbCR. Then group-level profit (loss) is computed in a similar...

The OECD’s dataset on socio-demographic information accompanying the distributional information presents socio-demographic characteristics of the individuals and households included in the various household groups as distinguished in the dataset on distributional information on household...

Earmarked grants classified into the 10 functions (or policy areas) for which they are disbursed. Functions are the same as used in the Classification of Functions of Government (COFOG) by the System of National Accounts. A 'miscellaneous' category has been added to these 10 functions to allow...

General government deficit is defined as the balance of income and expenditure of government, including capital income and capital expenditures. "Net lending" means that government has a surplus, and is providing financial resources to other sectors, while "net borrowing" means that government...

Life expectancy at age 65 years old is the average number of years that a person at that age can be expected to live, assuming that age-specific mortality levels remain constant. However, the actual age-specific death rate of any particular birth cohort cannot be known in advance. If rates are...