This report examines the form regulation should take in rail freight markets to promote efficiency in railways and the wider economy. It analyses issues of monopoly, scale economies, competition, mergers, ownership and the structure of the rail industry. Experience in North America, Australia,...

For some years now, short sea shipping (SSS) has benefited from a number of government initiatives aimed at promoting its development. The aim has been to promote a more balanced modal split in transport in Europe while also reducing the impact of transport on the environment, ensuring greater...

Land links between Europe and Asia can offer a viable alternative to sea transport. However, the provision of efficient land links between Europe and Asia requires appropriate policy decisions on issues such as the development of adequate infrastructure and the removal of regulatory or...

The problems caused by road congestion are frequently reported in the media and finding a solution to congestion ranks high on the agenda of politicians. Countless studies have been published detailing the number of working hours lost in traffic jams. The figures quoted in these studies are...

Although deregulation is well under way in the transport sector, regular coach services are still largely regulated. Governments see them as potentially competing with rail transport services. However, in countries that have had some experience with deregulation the outcome has clearly been...

This book presents the proceedings of three related ECMT Round Tables on the future of the car. The first concern the future of car ownership, the second concerns the cost of using a car, and the third concerns changing patterns of car usage.

The separation of infrastructure management from operations is central to efforts under way to reform European railways. But why does Europe favour such separation? What are the expected consequences? What does it mean in practice? What are the advantages and disadvantages? What risks are...

As the countries of Central and Eastern Europe undergo radical economic upheavals, the question of pan-European transport is brought very sharply into focus. The transport system cannot be viewed simply in terms of the volume of traffic moving from one particular place to another but must be...