The author challenges prior fixed effects analyses of the relationship between income inequality and population health. He argues that the temporal relationships are likely to be complex and that fixed effects approaches, though important for addressing confounding, are poorly equipped to...

This is a study of the secondhand effects of student alcohol use experienced by residents of neighborhoods near college campuses. We examined the relationship of a college's level of binge drinking and the number of alcohol outlets in the immediate area, to lowered quality of neighborhood life...