Across many sectors, research has established that management explains a notable portion of productivity differences … across organizations. A remaining question, however, is whether it is managers themselves or firm-wide management practices … this setting, managers move between stores but management practices are set by firm policy and largely fixed, allowing us …

promoted management training trips for European managers at US firms. Through the analysis of reports compiled by UK, France … increase thanks to the program. The fact that European businesses were not forced to adopt the American management model, but …