importance of individual bargaining in wage determination. We show that simple survey questions accurately elicit firms …' bargaining strategies. Using the elicited strategies for 772 German firms, we document that the majority of firms are willing to … engage in individual wage bargaining. Labor market factors predict firms' strategies better than firm characteristics. Survey …

In this paper, we assess the recent economics literature on collective bargaining. Despite a declining trend in the … collective bargaining agreements. We describe the substantial institutional variation across a variety of countries, highlighting … (in Europe and North America). We estimate collective bargaining coverage premia, compression, selection, and spillover …

pillars of the model: sectoral collective bargaining and firm-level codetermination. Relative to the United States, Germany … outsources collective bargaining to the sectoral level, resulting in higher coverage and the avoidance of firm … unemployment, but may also erode bargaining coverage and increase inequality. Meanwhile, firm-level codetermination through worker …