economic activity in the form of higher entrepreneurship. Using administrative census data linked to the complete formal … created include both employer and non-employer firms and are relatively low on assets. In panel data specifications, the …

Immigrants contribute disproportionately to entrepreneurship in many countries, accounting for a quarter of new … employer businesses in the US. We review recent research on the measurement of immigrant entrepreneurship, the traits of …

substantial differences in future economic outcomes. Using Census Bureau data, we characterize the different career profiles of …

administrative firm-level panel data covering the universe of businesses filing sales taxes from the California Department of Tax and …

counties. We construct population-based crosswalks for 1790 through 2020, which map county-level data across U.S. censuses, as … well as from counties to congressional districts. Using official census data for congressional districts, we show that … population-based weights outperform area-based ones in terms of similarity to official data …

Good data on the size and composition of the independent contractor workforce are elusive, with household survey and … administrative tax data often disagreeing on levels and trends. We carried out a series of focus groups to learn how self … employees in conventional household survey data and those who are independent contractors in a secondary work activity. We find …

small business sector's health. Previously this was difficult due to a lack of appropriate data. This paper fills this … QuickBooks Online Payroll subscriber data (QBO Payroll sample) from 333,000 businesses in the US, 66,000 in Canada, and 25,000 in … the UK. After comparing the QBO Payroll sample data to the official statistics, we remove the seasonal components and use …