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Mortality, Income, and Income Inequality Over Time in Britain and the United States

Deaton, Angus; Paxson, Christina - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2001

We investigate age-specific mortality in Britain and the United States since 1950. Neither trends in income nor in income inequality provide plausible explanations. Britain and the US had different patterns of income growth but similar patterns of mortality decline. Patterns of income inequality...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005085045

Health, Inequality, and Economic Development

Deaton, Angus - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2001

I explore the connection between income inequality and health in both poor and rich countries. I discuss a range of mechanisms, including nonlinear income effects, credit restrictions, nutritional traps, public goods provision, and relative deprivation. I review the evidence on the effects of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005085306

HIV and Fertility Revisited

Kalemli-Ozcan, Sebnem; Turan, Belgi - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010

Young (2005) argues that HIV related population declines reinforced by the fertility response to the epidemic will lead to higher capital-labor ratios and to higher per capita incomes in the affected countries of Africa. Using household level data on fertility from South Africa and relying on...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008635943

HIV and Fertility in Africa: First Evidence from Population Based Surveys

Juhn, Chinhui; Kalemli-Ozcan, Sebnem; Turan, Belgi - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2008

The historical pattern of the demographic transition suggests that fertility declines follow mortality declines, followed by a rise in human capital accumulation and economic growth. The HIV/AIDS epidemic threatens to reverse this path. A recent paper by Young (2005), however, suggests that...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005718403

Life (evaluation), HIV/AIDS, and Death in Africa

Deaton, Angus; Fortson, Jane; Tortora, Robert - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2009

We use data from the Gallup World Poll and from the Demographic and Health Surveys to investigate how subjective wellbeing (SWB) is affected by mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, including mortality from HIV/AIDS. The Gallup data provide direct evidence on Africans' own emotional and evaluative...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005774703

Child Mortality, Income and Adult Height

Deaton, Angus; Quintana-Domeque, Climent; Bozzoli, Carlos - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2007

We investigate the childhood determinants of adult height in populations, focusing on the respective roles of income and of disease. We develop a model of selection and scarring, in which the early life burden of nutrition and disease is not only responsible for mortality in childhood but also...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005777292

Mortality Change, the Uncertainty Effect, and Retirement

Kalemli-Ozcan, Sebnem; Weil, David - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2002

We examine the role of changing mortality in explaining the rise of retirement over the course of the 20th century. We construct a model in which individuals make labor/leisure choices over their lifetimes subject to uncertainty about their date of death. In an environment in which mortality is...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005575704

Mortality, Inequality and Race in American Cities and States

Deaton, Angus; Lubotsky, Darren - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2001

A number of studies have found that mortality rates are positively correlated with income inequality across the cities and states of the US. We argue that this correlation is confounded by the effects of racial composition. Across states and MSAs, the fraction of the population that is black is...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005580319

AIDS, "Reversal" of the Demographic Transition and Economic Development: Evidence from Africa

Kalemli-Ozcan, Sebnem - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2006

Using country- and region-level data, I investigate the effect of HIV/AIDS on fertility in Africa during 1985-2000. Results differ depending on the variation used and the estimation method. Between estimates that exploit cross-sectional variation suggest a positive significant effect of HIV/AIDS...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004991972

Inequality and Unemployment in a Global Economy

Helpman, Elhanan; Redding, Stephen James; Itskhoki, Oleg - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2008

consistent with increasing inequality in every country, growth in residual wage inequality, rising unemployment, and reallocation … within and between industries. While the opening of trade yields welfare gains, unemployment and inequality within sectors … nonmonotonic effects on unemployment and inequality within sectors. As aggregate unemployment and inequality have within- and …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005720079