This paper provides instrumental variables estimates of the response of aggregate private consumption to transitory … transitory shocks to aggregate output on private consumption in poor countries. …

order of 1% of permanent consumption equivalent. …

have been consistently successful in using financial integration to stabilize fluctuations in consumption growth. However …

membership. It should also be sufficient. 3) Convergence, prior to the adoption of the euro, of an EMU candidate’s inflation rate … to its euro area equilibrium inflation rate is helpful but not essential. 4) Real convergence is irrelevant for EMU … fiscal sustainability (and preferably also inflation convergence), the EMU candidate should be given a firm date and …

payments (e.g. tax rebates) are spent on non-durable household consumption in the quarter that they are received. We develop a … Finances. A version of the model parametrized to the 2001 tax rebate episode is able to generate consumption responses to …

one that produces a deviation from its shared trend with consumption and labor income. Using quarterly stock market data … behavior imply that the log consumption-aggregate (human and nonhuman) wealth ratio forecasts the expected return on aggregate … components may be expressed in terms of observable variables, namely in terms of consumption, nonhuman wealth and labor income …

future policy reversal lowers the consumption rate of interest and thus will increase current consumption. Furthermore, to …