urban areas is having a significant impact on the quantity and quality of water available as inputs into the production and … consumption process, as well as the ability of the water system to absorb and neutralize the waste byproducts deposited into it …. Water shortages are most severe in the north of the country, where surface water diversion is excessive and groundwater is …

"The pressure on an already stressed water situation in South Africa is predicted to increase significantly under … to water to millions of previously excluded people. The present study employed a general equilibrium approach to examine … the economy-wide impacts of selected macro and water related policy reforms on water use and allocation, rural livelihoods …

is estimated to reach 20 million. This massive human occupation was accompanied by the large-scale construction of water …, the Alto-Tiete basin is served by a complex hydraulic and hydrological system. Despite this extensive water infrastructure …, the water availability of the region is still very low (201 m3-hab-an) and even lower than the semiarid regions of the …

"The authors describe and analyze water resources reform and decentralization of river basin management in the state of … along the coast. Rivers in the basin are ephemeral and only flow during the rainy season. The key water management challenge … is to capture the water in reservoirs in rainy years and to manage it such that it will last for several years, in case …

"Decentralization and increased stakeholder involvement have been major elements of water sector reform as ways to … water scarcity may be a stimulus to reform, uniting the stakeholders in the basin and leading to better performance …