This article analyses the relationship between the main antecedents of and imports/GNP ratio as a subtle reflector of macro-level consumer ethnocentrism (CE). We constructed a model that reflects the macro level ethnocentrism in a domestic country. This ratio expresses the economy openness of a...

Turkish groceries and fast food restaurants, Chinese barbecues, Pakistani kiosks, Iranian pizzerias and carpet stores, Arabic kebab houses, erotic artists from Eastern Europe and Southeast Asia, exchange agencies across Denmark and many other EU countries, a growing number of wholesale...

Increasingly, firms engage in environmental certification programmes to reconcile external constituents and ensure financial viability. Some firms decouple the formal programme from core operations to obtain the signalling benefits of certification without investing scarce resources and time on...

This article investigates the role of company's core competences in increasing product value for customers. The conceptual model included the steps of managing a company's core competences confirms that developing core competences makes company's products more valuable for its customers and thus...

This paper structures ten effective implications/lessons of the most recent bank bailouts of 2007-2009 in the Western economy model when analysing actual shareholders' value retrenchment or growth opportunities. The author finds that recent bank bailouts relate to: global bailout...

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the moderating effect of perceived feminist identity of women sales managers on transformational leadership and sales performance relationships. A web-based questionnaire was used and 140 women managers replied. Three main scales were used for analysis:...