Purpose – In 2008, a bill was introduced in the 110th Congress (HR6415) to address the “unintended consequences” of US free trade agreements (US FTA) on manufacturers operating in US foreign trade zones (FTZs). Presently, US manufacturers operating in FTZs that use imported components pay...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explain the determination of China's agricultural foreign trade pattern since the World Trade Organization (WTO) accession. Design/methodology/approach – The neoclassical trade theory indicates that differences in both technology levels and factor...

The liberalization of telecommunications has contributed to considerable price reductions in international telephony and to rising volumes of telecommunications. This raises the issue of the economic impact of international telephony. Falling international information and transaction costs...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to simulate the function of foreign trade, foreign direct investment (FDI) and regional gross domestic product (GDP) in China, explore how these two variables affect regional GDP together and provide evidence to export-led growth (ELG) and FDI-led growth....

Serious budgetary and fiscal deficit of the government and perilous balance of payment crises occurred in 1991, which put India into a dangerous economic and financial chasm. Therefore in 1991 India was on the threshold of bankruptcy for international payments. Consequently series of reforms...

The effect of trade liberalisation on environmental conditions has yielded significant debate in the energy economics literature. Although research on the relationship between energy consumption, emissions and economic growth is not new in South Africa, no study specifically addresses the role...