, productivity growth, and product innovation to a larger extent when it targets more competitive sectors and when it is not …

dirty innovation and production; (ii) optimal policy involves both .carbon taxes. and research subsidies, so that excessive … creates environmental degradation. Research can be directed to improving the technology of machines in either sector. We … the switch to clean innovation under laissez-faire when the two inputs are substitutes. Under reasonable parameter values …

market (innovation). It turns out that spillovers from rivals lead to more imitation, while input from customers and research … institutions enhance original innovation. …

How does firm entry affect innovation incentives and productivity growth in incumbent firms? Micro-data suggests that … sectors which differ by their distance to the technological frontier. We show that entry threat spurs innovation incentives in … technologically advanced sectors - successful innovation allows incumbents to prevent entry. In laggard sectors it discourages …

innovation activities. The selection of high-skill managers is more important for innovation activities. As the economy … investments, but little selection. Closer to the world technology frontier, there is a switch to an innovation-based strategy with …

We find that institutional ownership in publicly traded companies is associated with more innovation (measured by cite …, policy changes and disaggregating by type of owner we find that the effect of institutions on innovation does not appear to …