Using a survey dataset of Chinese rural households, we find that access to external finance is positively associated … informal finance, especially financing from friends and family, is positively associated with sales growth of microenterprises … with employees, but not of self-employed. We do not find any significant relationship between the use of formal finance and …

of Kenya's banking system, using aggregate, bank-level, and survey data. Banks' asset quality and liquidity positions …

This paper discusses Islamic banking products and interprets them in the context of financial intermediation theory …