) including other aspects of individuals' human capital and parental family background, which in some cases changes the estimated … parenting, such as union partner's human capital and union partner's family's social and economic status, which enriches the …

This Element reviews what we know about parental investments and children's human capital in low …-to-middle-income countries (LMICs). First, it presents definitions and a simple analytical framework; then discusses determinants of children …; and concludes with a summary suggesting some positive impacts of parental investments on children's human capital in LMICs …