We study the relationships between corporate R&D and three components of public science: knowledge, human capital, and … established firms, which account for more than three-quarters of business R&D, is affected by scientific knowledge produced by … innovation in firms. However, inventions from universities and public research institutes substitute for corporate inventions and …

knowledge spillovers are not the main driver of innovation in business groups because firms affiliated with the same group do …Using novel data on European firms, this paper investigates the relationship between business groups and innovation … several hypotheses to explain this finding, focusing on group internal capital markets and knowledge spillovers. We find that …

external knowledge acquisition are complementary innovation activities, but that the degree of complementarity is sensitive to … existence of complementarity. We use our empirical methodology to analyze complementarity between innovation activities …: internal research and development (R& D) and external knowledge acquisition. Our results suggest that internal R& D and …

Successful innovation depends on the development and integration of new knowledge in the innovation process. In order … to innovate successfully, the firm will combine different innovation activities. In addition to doing own research and … development, firms typically are engaged in the acquisition of knowledge on the technology market and cooperate actively in R …

innovation. We exploit the observed pattern of contributions - the 'revealed preference' of developers - to infer the underlying …