Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to examine observed differences in China's ethnic majority and minority patterns of labor force participation and to decompose these differences into treatment and endowment effects. Design/methodology/approach – Data from the three most recent...

We conduct an experimental study to investigate the causal impact of social identity on individuals' performance under incentives. We focus on China's household registration (hukou) system, which favors urban residents and discriminates against rural residents in resource allocation. Our results...