This paper investigates if higher public spending in education and better teacher qualifications are related to student … investment in public education and higher teacher qualifications can help increase average performance and reduce the impact that … variation in education performance in Colombia, a relatively high percentage when compared to those found by other studies …

human capital and productivity improvements. While educational attainment is very high, the education system needs to be … education are unequally distributed. Adequate funding for education institutions is not assured everywhere while inefficiencies …

introduced major structural reforms to fight poverty, improve the quality of education, create more jobs in the formal sector and …

tertiary education, especially for students with disadvantaged backgrounds. Digitalisation holds the promise of large gains in …

, the latter notably through the successful “Bolsa Familia” programme. Among public services, improved access to education … interventions such as expanding early-childhood education, by reducing grade-repetition and through more tailored support for those …

education, strengthening continuous learning and instigating more cooperation, feedback and support between colleagues. This …

between education institutions and employment, iii) providing training opportunities during working life, and iv) making …