This book describes and evaluates how institutional innovation and technological innovation have impacted on humanity from pre-historical times to modern times, and how societies have been transformed in history. The author interrogates the relationship between innovation and civilisation --...

Introduction -- The importance of warfare -- Europe's urban rise -- Evaluating the safe harbor effect -- Evaluating the warfare-to-wealth effect -- Warfare to wealth in comparative perspective -- Epilogue

Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2: The 1891-92 Crisis and Beyond -- Chapter 3: World War I and the 1920s Financial Crisis -- Chapter 4: The Estado Novo period: The 1930s and World War II -- Chapter 5: The Estado Novo period after World War II: The golden age of economic growth (1946-1973) --...