Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is widely expected to make sustainable transport choices more attractive. New approaches to ticketing will be a core part of MaaS, both to attract users and fund services. The associated pricing decisions will be a matter of public policy as much as business...

This paper examines the relationship between traditional public transport and innovative mobility solutions such as Mobility as a Service (MaaS). It looks at how MaaS could change the role of public transport authorities from providing transport services to facilitating mobility, and considers...

To be successful, Mobility as a Service (MaaS) will need a model that can accommodate public and private transport providers in a financially sustainable way. This paper discusses MaaS systems led by the government and by the market. How can different business models provide better mobility for...

Countries deploy a variety of financial, regulatory and soft policy instruments to promote science-industry knowledge exchange. While these instruments are often discussed in isolation, they are implemented collectively and may reinforce and complement but also weaken or even negatively affect...

The main objective of the book is to evaluate the effects of EU policy instruments that promote a stronger European dimension of the R&D base in the European Union. This objective can be split into a few specific objectives, which are defined as follows: • Evaluation of the impact of public...